Austin 1996 radiometric

Among these parameters, are measurements of the underwater light field from which apparent optical properties (AOPs), such as the diffuse attenuation coefficient for downwelling irradiance K d(λ), can be derived. Recently, Biogeochemical Argo floats (BGC-Argo floats) have measured optical and biogeochemical quantities down to a depth of 2,000 m.

Over the past two decades, robotic technology such as Argo floats have revolutionized operational autonomous measurement of the oceans.

2Marine Perception Research Department, German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI), Oldenburg, Germany.

1Center for Marine Sensors (ZfMarS), Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Wilhelmshaven, Germany.

Ahlem Jemai 1* Jochen Wollschläger 1 Daniela Voß 1 Oliver Zielinski 1,2